Update, “Coast Guard Waterways Commerce Cutter (WCC) Program: Background and Issues for Congress” –CRS

Shown above are Coast Guard indicative designs of a river buoy tender WLR), inland construction tender (WLIC), and inland buoy tender (WLI).

The Congressional Research Service has updated their two page explanation of the Waterways Commerce Cutter (WCC) program on Feb. 11, 2021.

Some highlights:

  • Three classes, WLR, WLIC, and WLI, will replace 18 WLRs, 13 WLICs, and 4 WLIs in nine classes with an average age of 56 years.
  • Single construction contract for WLRs and WLICs expected to be funded in FY2022. Separate contract later for WLIs. Final numbers not yet decided.
  • First to enter service 2025
  • All WCC vessels to be delivered by 2030.

“GA-ASI Plans to Demonstrate Maritime Capability in the United Kingdom” —

MQ-9B Seaguardian during the maritime capabilities demonstration flight over Southern California waters in September 2020. GA-ASI picture.

The Navy League’s on line magazine, Seapower reports that,

“General Atomics Aeronautical Systems Inc. (GA‑ASI) plans to take a company-owned SkyGuardian remotely piloted aircraft to the United Kingdom later this year to undertake a series of operational capability demonstrations for NATO allies, including The Netherlands, the company said in a Feb. 3 release. The U.K.’s Protector program is a derivative of SkyGuardian with a range of U.K. modifications and the Royal Air Force (RAF) is supporting this visit.”

This system is quickly becoming the go-to solution for Maritime Domain Awareness. It is an obvious solution for the Coast Guard’s MDA requirement. The requirement for land based long endurance UAS goes back at least to the Deepwater Program begun in the 1990s. It looks like a Coast Guard version of the Global Hawk may have been identified as a likely solution as early as 2002. Congress has been pushing the Coast Guard to start using land based UAVs.

There might be a question if this would duplicate the Navy’s Broad Area Maritime Surveillance (BAMS) program and its MQ-4C, but it is almost certain the Navy system will never provide all the information the Coast Guard needs. Their priorities are different, for instance, there are no plans for the Navy to base MQ-4Cs in Alaska.

In 2018 the CG-9 reported  “The Coast Guard on March 26 released a draft solicitation for long range/ultra-long endurance (LR/U-LE) unmanned aircraft system (UAS) technology demonstration and flight services requirements. Industry is invited to submit questions, comments and feedback on draft items including the statement of work, proposal requirements and evaluation methodology.” I don’t know what came of that, but there have been several demonstrations since.

CG-9 currently says,

“The Coast Guard has validated a mission need for land-based UAS to significantly enhance ocean surveillance in support of the service’s operations. Coast Guard land-based UAS flight crews are jointly operating maritime-variant Predator UAS (Guardian) on maritime missions with Customs and Border Protection to enhance the Coast Guard’s understanding of potential land-based UAS solutions and support the development of a land-based UAS requirements package.”

It is time to include land based UAS in the Coast Guard budget request. We can start small and grow the capability, but it is time to start. The answer might not be the MQ-9B, but answers are out there.

Somehow I managed to publish this prematurely so this is an updated version. 

“Commandant and Master Chief Petty Officer of the Coast Guard Statement on Extremism” –MyCG

The following from the MyCG web site.
As members of the Coast Guard, we have all voluntarily sworn an oath to support and defend the Constitution, and we share a commitment to our Core Values of Honor, Respect, and Devotion to Duty. We protect the homeland, we advance economic prosperity and other national interests, and when mariners in distress call for help, we proudly and professionally respond without hesitation. We answer the call because it is our duty. It is also our duty to respect those we serve with and we betray this duty if we allow bigotry, racism, or hate to infect our culture and service to America. In a Coast Guard anchored to dignity and respect, there is no place for extremism. Extremism goes against the fundamental principles of the Constitutional oath we share and our Core Values, tears away at unit cohesion, and degrades readiness and mission success.

The rights of freedom of speech and assembly are vitally important but are not unlimited. The Coast Guard will not tolerate extremism of any type. Speech or conduct that advances, encourages or advocates criminal activity, violence, illegal use of force, and efforts to deprive individuals of their civil rights, or any form of harassment or unlawful discrimination based on race, creed, color, sex, including gender identity and sexual orientation, religion, ethnicity, or national origin, among other personal characteristics, will not be tolerated. This applies equally to on-line speech. None of us can be indifferent to extremism.

Military members are subject to discipline and punishment under the Uniform Code of Military Justice if they actively support extremist causes by raising funds, recruiting or training others, taking a visible leadership role, or distributing literature or materials which undermine loyalty to the Constitution, interfere with the performance of duties, threaten discipline, or bring discredit upon the Service. Military members cannot participate in demonstrations or rallies in many circumstances, particularly when the event is a breach of law and order or is likely to result in violence. COMDTINST M1600.2, Discipline and Conduct, provides additional information and guidance. Civilian employees are subject to discipline for conduct that impairs the efficiency of the Federal Service. This may include criminal conduct in or away from the workplace, and other inappropriate conduct in the workplace.

Aligned with recent guidance issued by the Secretary of Defense, we are directing that a service-wide stand-down to confront extremism in the military occur at each unit before 31 March 2021. I expect commanders and supervisors to talk with their crews about this destructive cancer, to lead intrusively, and act when they encounter any indicators of extremism in our ranks. More specific guidance and expectations regarding this stand-down is forthcoming.

As your Commandant and Master Chief Petty Officer of the Coast Guard, we are dedicated to ensuring our Service supports and defends the ideals and institutions created and guaranteed by the Constitution, and that we foster a Service free from hatred, intolerance and extremism. Beyond being an Armed Force, as members of a federal Law Enforcement Agency, we have a special obligation to each other and the citizens whom we serve.

Jason M. Vanderhaden
Master Chief Petty Officer of the Coast Guard

Karl L. Schultz
Admiral, U.S. Coast Guard Commandant

“A homage to sea duty in the Coast Guard – Successes, challenges, and being underway” –MyCG

This from the MyCG website. (Perhaps noteworthy, maybe because the interviewer was a woman, but most of the interviewees were women.)


A homage to sea duty in the Coast Guard – Successes, challenges, and being underway

By Shana Brouder, MyCG Writer

As a sea service, we celebrate the perseverance of our shipmates who serve in the cutter community. While many industries went dark or slowed in response to COVID-19, the missions of the afloat community have continued to protect our Nation’s interests, deterring threats around the globe and in an especially complex maritime environment.

This growing demand has continued amid the COVID-19 global pandemic, where cutter crews are experiencing pre-deployment restrictions of movement, a reduction in liberty port calls, and extended time underway, away from loved ones.

The Coast Guard has increased compensation as they address urgent challenges for the sea-going workforce, while also looking for new ways to thank our members for continuing the traditions of the service. This past year, the Coast Guard increased internet connectivity speeds underway and arranged for wifi internet connectivity inport for deployed cutters, which enable reliable communication with friends and families.

Despite the challenges the pandemic presented, Coast Guard ships interdicted either a go-fast boat or a semi-submersible boat on a near daily basis, sending boarding teams to confiscate contraband and apprehend suspected smugglers. Cutter crews across the enterprise have seen some of the greatest successes in 2020. Crews surged to support an enhanced counter-narcotics operation resulting in a 37% increase in cocaine and other drugs interdicted between April and September of last year.

What is it that keeps our members returning to sea? After interviewing several junior officers, and one commanding officer, three central tenants of sea duty were named: the adventurous nature of the mission, the simple beauty of the sea, and—most importantly—the people.

“Every day on the water presents a new challenge that I’m excited to overcome,” said Lt. j.g. Ryan Brumm, supply officer aboard Coast Guard Cutter Alert, a Medium Endurance Cutter.

Lt. j.g. Matthew Nagle aboard Coast Guard Cutter Munro, a National Security Cutter, discussed excitedly watching aerial footage of the small boats underway from a small unmanned aircraft with his shipmates. “Seeing the live-action video after six months of hard work preparing and testing the hardware was incredible.”

Brumm’s shipmate aboard the Alert, Ensign Erin Mullen, also loves the missions underway. A self-proclaimed ocean nerd, Mullen also discussed her love of nature as a reason she plans to keep returning to sea. “Being on the bridge, seeing thousands of stars reflecting off that calm ocean,” said Mullen. “It really takes your breath away.”

The number one reason given, however, for enjoying sea duty was the friendships formed, “It seems cliché to say,” said Lt. j.g. Brooke Harkrader, assistant navigator aboard the Coast Guard Cutter Munro, “but the reason I love sea duty is because of the people.”

Cuttermen discussed the atmosphere aboard cutters—the comradery found afloat—as a reason they keep returning. As Lt. Cmdr. Laura Foster, commanding officer of the Coast Guard Cutter William Hart, a Fast Response Cutter, puts it: “The reason I’ve gone back to sea so many times is because of the family atmosphere aboard. The comradery among shipmates is unbelievable. I’ve never found it anywhere else.”

Ensign Kimberly Bryon, aboard the Coast Guard Cutter Munro, described her favorite memory underway during an otherwise difficult year, “We were at a port call in Alaska, and because of COVID we decided to stop at these uninhabited islands,” said Bryon. “I and three others spent the day shuttling people to and from the islands. While we didn’t get to go hiking ourselves, I had the absolute best time with the small crew I was working with. The comradery I felt with them was something I really can’t describe.”

While members speak openly of their love of sea duty, there is no doubt life afloat is challenging. “Being underway is the hardest thing you’ll ever do, but it is hands down the most rewarding work,” said Harkrader who, despite struggling with occasional seasickness, plans to stay afloat as long as possible.

Sea duty inconveniences are not insignificant. Like many in the Coast Guard, Foster has to spend prolonged periods of time away from her family. In her most recent trip, she was underway for 144 days. While it can be difficult, Foster doesn’t shy away from the challenge. “I feel honored to be able to take this job, and show other females that it is possible to rise to the position you want, and have a family,” she said.

Pandemic operating conditions have presented challenges to our members afloat, further complicated by social distancing measures advised by the Center for Disease Control (CDC) are not always possible. Those aboard the Munro, for example, faced extra hardships when 19 members from their crew tested positive for COVID-19 prior to going underway. “Everyone’s morale suffers when the workload increases so much,” said Hakrader.

Harkrader, Nagle, and Bryon both applauded the efforts commanding officers took aboard the Munro to keep things underway. The cutter was able to keep operating in a COVID-safe and smart environment, working to push through modified conditions, completing a mission through the waters of Alaska not usually completed by the crew.

Taking into account the challenges posed by the pandemic compounded already demanding life afloat make the successes these crews saw this year nothing short of extraordinary. A short sample of successes cutter forces saw this year, as detailed in Sea Duty Readiness ALCOAST 016/21.

While going to sea may not always be the easiest choice, being underway is a rewarding experience with benefits not found with other duties. “The goodbyes never get easier,” said Foster. “But the hugs you get when you return home never get old.” The Coast Guard is thankful to have members with a passion for sea duty, who see their work as so much more than just a job.

Coast Guard Cutter Successes in 2020:

  • Coast Guard Cutter Tahoma, a Medium Endurance Cutter, participated in Operation Nanook with Canadian, Danish, and U.S. Navy Forces.
  • Coast Guard Cutter Campbell, a Medium Endurance Cutter, participated in the high-latitude Search-and-Rescue Exercise Argus off Greenland, operating alongside Canadian, Danish, and French Naval Forces.
  • Coast Guard Cutter Cheyenne, a river buoy tender, responded to record high flooding on the Mississippi River.
  • Coast Guard Cutter Axe, a construction tender, responded to multiple Gulf Coast hurricanes, that, alongside other black hull cutters, surveyed, serviced, and corrected thousands of aids to navigation, restoring the smooth flow of efficient maritime commerce.
  • Coast Guard Cutter Kimball, a National Security Cutter, recently supported Pacific Island nations in building organic capability and law enforcement expertise to combat illegal, unreported, and unregulated (IUU) fishing.
  • Coast Guard Cutter Oliver Berry, a Fast Response Cutter, just returned to its homeport in Hawaii supporting the Pacific Island Forum Fisheries Agency, a collaborative international organization to promote sustainable fisheries. The cutter traveled nearly 10,000 miles round-trip to strengthen maritime domain awareness within the exclusive economic zone of both the Republic of the Marshall Islands and Federated States of Micronesia.
  • Coast Guard Cutter Bertholf, a National Security Cutter, used its ScanEagle unmanned-aerial system to surveil a group of 350 Chinese fishing vessels and make right-of-approach inquiries near the Galapagos Islands, at the request of Ecuador. They identified 15 potential IUU indicators of that particular fleet.
  • Coast Guard Cutter Bear, a Medium Endurance Cutter, deployed to Cabo Verde and increased partnerships with a key U.S. ally at the request of our National Security Council, on extremely short notice.
  • Coast Guard Cutter Polar Star, a Polar-class icebreaker, sailed for the first time in several years to the U.S. Arctic to project U.S. sovereignty.

“Alejandro Mayorkas Sworn in as Secretary of Homeland Security” –DHS News Release

Below is a Department of Homeland Security news release.


Today, Alejandro Mayorkas was officially sworn in as the seventh Secretary of Homeland Security. Secretary Mayorkas took the oath this afternoon after the Senate voted to confirm him. As Secretary of Homeland Security, Mayorkas now leads the third largest federal department in the United States. (DHS Photo by Benjamin Applebaum/Released)

February 2, 2021

WASHINGTON – Today, Alejandro Mayorkas was officially sworn in as the seventh Secretary of Homeland Security. Secretary Mayorkas took the oath this afternoon after the Senate voted to confirm him. As Secretary of Homeland Security, Mayorkas now leads the third largest federal department in the United States, which includes the Cybersecurity and Infrastructure Security Agency, Federal Emergency Management Agency, Transportation Security Administration, U.S. Coast Guard, U.S. Customs and Border Protection, U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement, U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services, and the United States Secret Service.

“DHS bears an extraordinary weight on behalf of the American people, the weight of grave challenges seen and unseen,” said Secretary Mayorkas. “It is the greatest privilege of my life to return to the Department to lead the men and women who dedicate their talent and energy to the safety and security of our nation. I will work every day to ensure that they have the tools they need to execute their missions with honor and integrity. The mission of the Department of Homeland Security is to safeguard the American people, our homeland, and our values. The United States is a welcoming and empathetic nation, one that finds strength in its diversity. I pledge to defend and secure our country without sacrificing these American values.”

Secretary Mayorkas is the first immigrant to serve in the role of DHS Secretary.  His parents arrived with him and his sister to the United States as refugees after fleeing Cuba in 1960. Secretary Mayorkas previously served as the DHS Deputy Secretary from 2013 to 2016. Prior to holding that position, he was the Director of U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services, the agency charged with operating the largest immigration system in the world.

On February 2, 2021, Vice President Kamala Harris swore in Alajandro Mayorkas as Secretary of Homeland Security.

On February 2, 2021, Vice President Kamala Harris swore in Alajandro Mayorkas as Secretary of Homeland Security. Vice President Harris tweeted ‘Congratulations to @AliMayorkas, our new Secretary of Homeland Security. Secretary Mayorkas is a dedicated public servant with a wealth of experience, who will keep America safe while upholding our values.’ (DHS Photo by The White House/Released)

Doing Unreps for Drug Enforcement–Stopping by Chile’s for a Drink

These are a bit old. I had intended to publish them earlier but got distracted. Photos curtesy of Andres Navolari, author of one our most popular posts, Three Nations Share German OPV Design. It was published in 2014 and still getting views. 

USCGC Seneca WMEC-912 refueling from Chilean Navy Oiler Almirante Montt

USCGC Seneca WMEC-912 seen from Chilean Navy Oiler Almirante Montt, the former USNS Andrew J. Higgins. She also replenished USCGC James and USS Comstock.

More info on Seneca’s patrol, “USCGC Seneca returned from a 57 day patrol.

Bryant’s Maritime Consulting to Cease Daily Blog

“Dennis L. Bryant graduated from the US Coast Guard Academy in 1968 and served 27 years active duty, retiring as a Captain. During that career, he made Arctic cruises back when there was real ice there. He attended law school, served as the USCG Law of the Sea officer, advised on international affairs, and supervised the Coast Guard’s implementation of the Oil Pollution Act of 1990 (OPA 90). After leaving the Coast Guard, he joined a law firm, serving as Senior Maritime Counsel. Since 2009, he has operated an independent consultancy, advising clients worldwide.”

Dennis L. Bryant’s blog “Bryant’s Maritime Consulting” has been on my recommended blogs list for many years. I have tried to read it every week day because it has been such a good source of information. Many of my posts have been prompted by his reports. He reports (quote below) he will no longer maintain his blog after 31 May, but asked if anyone is “interested in picking up the mantle.” Any “M types” interested?

He will be missed.

“After more than 20 years writing and distributing my maritime newsletter and almost 20 years writing a monthly column for Maritime Reporter & Engineering News (MREN), I will be stepping back effective 31 May 2021. I have enjoyed both and have had the opportunity to meet numerous new friends, particularly Greg Trauthwein, MREN’s Editor and Associate Publisher, who has endured my ramblings, which often got far afield. Unfortunately, those missions have become very time-consuming and increasingly expensive. I will be turning my attention more to my family (including my very patient wife of over 50 years), my maritime consulting practice, and to my writing. I have recently completed (if anything is ever completed) a novel and now begin my search for an agent and a publisher. I do not intend to quit paying attention to maritime matters nor closing my maritime consulting practice, but I will quit polluting your in-boxes on an almost daily basis. If anyone is interested in picking up the mantle, please contact me.”

DHS Nominee

DHS nominee Alejandro Mayorkas

This is the President’s nominee for Secretary of the Dept. of Homeland Security, Alejandro Mayorkas. Wikipedia bio here.

He had an interesting early life,

His father was a Cuban Jew of Sephardic background who owned and operated a steel wool factory in Havana. His mother was a Romanian Jew whose family escaped the Holocaust and fled to Cuba in the 1940s. The Cuban Revolution marked the second time his mother would be forced to flee a country she considered home.

He is not new to the Department, having been first Director of U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services and then Deputy Secretary DHS during the Obama administration.