Russian Navy Primer–USNI

If you are interested in being up to speed on the Russian Navy, the US Naval Institute has provided access to an Office of Naval Intelligence (ONI) briefing book on the Russian Navy.

“Cdr Salamander” provides an intro to the publication on the US Naval Institute Blog. 

Unfortunately I did not see anything about the Russian Coast Guard in my initial scan of the document. It is a not insignificant force.

On page 5, where you see the 1000 mile rings that the document suggest the Russians have a special interest in, you might notice that one includes most of Alaska.

It is a nice, readable update.

 

More Ships than the Program of Record?

The Navy League’s publication, Seapower Magazine, is reporting the Commandant, ADM Paul F. Zukunft, speaking at a special topic breakfast, on Dec. 15, sponsored by the Navy League and PricewaterhouseCoopers, sounded remarkably positive.

Regarding the Bertholf Class, “…We said eight National Security Cutters, now we’re negotiating a ninth…Sometimes it’s very difficult to stop at what that program of record is.”

“We will see an appropriation today, and, quite honestly, I will not be surprised if we see a ninth [National Security Cutter] because it won’t penalize the largest acquisition in our history, the Offshore Patrol Cutter…” Of the NSC, he said, “These ships are more than paying for themselves.

Regarding the Offshore Patrol Cutters, he confirmed that he expected construction to begin on the first of class during 2017, but he went on to suggest that there was a good possibility that it was possible, additional ships beyond the 25 planned might added “to the program of record as the cutters demonstrate their worth.”

Regarding new icebreakers, “The good news is that we’ve got great bipartisan support to invest in this…We will find the money,” he said. “This isn’t as expensive as an SSBN [ballistic-missile submarine], but it is an investment that we need to make.”

Observations:

A ninth Bertholf class makes a lot of sense right now. Plus it should ramp up the CG AC&I budget to something more realistic.

I hope we will build more than 25 OPCs, after all the plan is to go from 44 large cutters (not right now, but in the recent past) to 33 (34 if we get a ninth NSC), but that is on a very distant horizon. Right now, the plan is to fund one OPC in FY 2017, 2018, and 2019 and only two per year aft that, until the program is complete. Hopefully, the rate of construction will go to at least three a year after the first of class is tested. The MECs we have now are just not going to last until 2035.

The Commandant has not suggested that the first new icebreaker will be funded before 2020. Even if funded then, we are going to have a problem bridging the gap between now and the commissioning of that icebreaker which, presumably will not be until at least 2024.

It does seem the CG budget is getting some attention, but we will have to wait to see if good intentions materialize in the form of a reasonable AC&I Budget.

A ninth NSC would be a good first step.

Thanks to Daniel for bringing this to my attention.

Coast Guard Polar Icebreaker Modernization: Background and Issues for Congress–Updated

POLAR SEA and POLAR STAR side by side in McMurdo Sound, Antarctica

The US Naval Institute News Service has provided a copy of the Dec. 14, 2015 Congressional Research Service report, “Coast Guard Polar Icebreaker Modernization: Background and Issues for Congress,” by Naval Ronald O’Rourke.

This updates a series of earlier reports.

It is quite clear from the report that even if things go as planned, which I doubt it will, we will have a period of two to six years when we will have only one medium icebreaker and no heavy icebreakers.

If we do as currently planned, we will not see a new icebreaker until at least 2024.

We have looked at alternatives that might carry us through until the US can truly recapitalize its current fleet.

We can renovate Polar Sea. Clearly Congress is running out of patience waiting for a decision about what to do with this ship. We ought to ask for the funds to renovate it one way or the other.

We can lease one or two of these excess icebreakers. We could put one in the Great Lakes to satisfy those interests and it could in worst case exit the Great Lakes and go to the assistance of a polar icebreaker or break into resupply Thule airbase in Greenland.

Both of these are relatively low cost options. They deserve serious consideration.

USNI Publishes “Arctic Issue”

The US Naval Institute, has, for what I believe is the first time, published an issue of “Proceedings” that is dominated by discussion of the Arctic.

Pages 18 to 37 are devoted to the Arctic, including four articles and a sidebar. I think that is at least as much as they devoted to the Coast Guard, in the “Coast Guard Issue.”

Only one of these articles is available on line to non-members, “Geopolitical Icebergs,” by Dr. Auerswald, a professor of security studies at the National War College.

The other articles, also available on-line to members are:

  • “Defending Polar Access”
  • “More Access for the Arctic”
  • “A Mechanism for Arctic Crisis Response”

Throughout there is a call for more resources, particularly icebreakers.

The last short article, “A Mechanism for Arctic Crisis Response,” advocates positioning a structure in the Chukchi Sea. I can’t help but think putting the resources on land might be a bit easier in the long run.

Or alternately, modify the Polar Sea, as I have suggested, and use her for that purpose.

Another Competitor for Canada’s Fixed Wing SAR Aircraft

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Photo: Embraer KC-390, company photo

DefenseNews is reporting another competitor is set to enter the competition to replace Canada’s aging fixed wing SAR aircraft fleet, the Embraer KC-390.

In the photo, this aircraft looks small, but it actually has a greater max gross weight and cargo capacity than a C-130J. It has better than 90% of the J model’s range and is faster.

They claim, it was intended as a SAR aircraft from it inception.

“Geraldo Gomes, vice president of business development for Embraer Defense and Security, said … the KC-390 was designed to be a search-and-rescue aircraft and that one of its strong selling points is its low life-cycle costs.”

Russian Destroyer Fires Warning Shots to Scare Off Turkish F/V

File:Smetlivyy2007Sevastopol.jpg

Photo: Smetlivyy seen here in Sevastopol. Attribution: Водник

BBC reports that a Russian Destroyer (reported as a frigate), the Smetlivy, used small arms fire to drive off a Turkish fishing vessel that was approaching it as the Russian destroyer lay at anchor near a Greek island in the Aegean Sea.

Given the tensions with the Turks and the possibility of Daesh retaliation for Russian involvement in Syria, they were probably thinking about the USS Cole attack.

Now, These Are Heavy Icebreakers

The Iceberg Design Bureau is going to deliver three Project 22220 nuclear-powered icebreakers before 2020. It also is designing other advanced nuclear-powered icebreakers, Iceberg Director General/Chief Designer Alexander Ryzhkov told TASS on Thursday.

Artist impression of nuclear powered dual displacement icebreaker “Arktika” (project 22220)
Image: Atomflot

NavyRecognition reports that Russia claims they will have three more nuclear powered icebreakers by 2020 (when the US plans to start building it first new heavy icebreaker since 1977). They also announced plans for two more classes of nuclear icebreakers and a floating nuclear power plant.

The new icebreakers are expected to have a power of 120 MW or more than twice the power of the Polar Star.

Navy PCs Support Operation Martillo, WPCs Next?

USS_Hurricane_(PC-3),_USS_Typhoon_(PC-5)_and_USS_Chinook_(PC-9)_underway_in_March_2015

Navy photo: The U.S. Navy Cyclone-class coastal patrol ships assigned to Patrol Coastal Squadron 1 (PCRON 1), USS Hurricane (PC-3), USS Chinook (PC-9) and USS Typhoon (PC-5), transit in formation during a divisional tactics exercise in the Persian Gulf.

The Navy has announced they have three 387 ton (fl) Cyclone class patrol craft based in Mayport, rotating through the 4th Fleet’s area in support of Operation Martillo, the counter drug operation off Central America.

We know there are not enough ships to respond to all the intelligence we have on drug trafficing in SouthCom’s area of responsibility.

These little ships are considerably smaller than those we normally send South, but they are very similar in size to the new 353 ton Webber class WPCs. We have six Webber class in Miami, six in Key West, and will soon have six in Puerto Rico. If we could rotate some of these through the Transit zones, they might make a difference.

Thanks to Lee for bringing this to my attention.